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HOME＞Tour to learn＞The current state of Japan＞Cause of the poverty of the
child＞Redistribution of income
■■There is "redistribution of the income" that is one of the causes
of the poverty of the child here and explains it.
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It is to pass part to the poor person from the income of a rich person
economically, and to help with life.The collection method of the tax of
Japan collects many sums from the rich person and company economically
and collects a poor person and the sum that there is little management
from the painful company.The tax is spent for various social security systems
and, as a result, will support the life of poor people. |
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The country makes various systems to support a child care household.However,
there is the problem in various ways, too…
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| ■Example of the support system&Contents (as of 2015) |
| ■ Welfare |
| It pays the cost of living to people troubled with life depending on the
degree and makes it free of medical expenses, educational expenses and
guarantees minimum life and is a system to help independence.A home visit
and an interview are carried out, and there is the examination of the receipt
qualification and must meet a condition. |
| ■ Children's allowance |
| It is a system to support the cost of living that it costs for a child.As
for the children's allowance from 2012, graduation from junior high school
becomes targeted for supply from 0 years old or more to live in Japan.Supply
includes income restrictions. |
| ■ Child dependency allowance |
| It is a medical treatment to be provided with for the children such as
the one-parent families where parents are divorced and do it, and nurture
is received only by one of father or mother from the local government. |
| ■ Grant |
| It is necessary to confirm each receipt condition by the local government
to be different, for example, one pro-families treat medical expenses furtherance
system, Tokyo child upbringing; as for the housing allowances of a family
of mother and child, the motherless family. |
| ■ Health benefit, welfare medical expenses |
| For example, the medical expenses furtherance of infants and the compulsory
education attendance at school child, an exemption of a national pension,
the National Health Insurance. |
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Though there are these social security systems, why is it that the issue
of poverty of the child worsens?It is "the reversal" of the poverty
ratio to happen by redistribution of the income that the reasons include.
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| The burdens such as taxes becoming higher than assistance by public assistance
to social security, and a poverty ratio rather becoming higher.In other
words, by the assistance that it go for to check poverty, it raises a poverty
ratio more. |
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Because "the lower-income class" with a little income has high
ratio to pay a tax and pensions such as a consumption tax or the residence
tax or a healthy premium for income, there becomes a little money to be
usable for life.However, "upper-income group" is that there is
more money to be left after a burden for the income than "the low-income
person".The difference between such income and distribution of the
burden causes the phenomenon called "the reversal" of the poverty
ratio.
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According to the document of the OECD, it is only Japan that a poverty
ratio after the redistribution becomes higher than a poverty ratio before
the redistribution…. |
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| Source: "2009 fiscal Culture, Sports, Science and Technology White
Paper" (Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology)
"level of investment in education and the current situation of the
Chapter 1 household burden") to create than by processing the chart
1-1-7 graph. (※ Source of data OECD (2008) "GrowingUnequal?")（http://www.mext.go.jp/b_menu/hakusho/html/hpab200901/detail/1296707.htm） |
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