Volcano is classified in reference to structure, shape and how it was made.

Mt.Fuji

　Stratovolcano is volcano which was made from volcanic ash and lapilli from　 explosive eruption and lava flow from mild eruption. Almost Japanse volcanos are this type by subduction. Not only cone-shaped volcanos but also volcanos which have calderas and don’t have summit are stratovolcano. Japanese stratovolcano which looks like Mt.Fuji often called **Fuji.

Ex.) Mt.Fuji, Mt.Bandai, Mt.Kirishima

Mauna Loa

　Shield volcano is volcano which was made by that lava of basaltic flows from the crater. It is named because the thin, diffused lava looks like a European shiled.

Ex.) Mauna Loa, Mauna Kea, Mt.Miyake

　Monogenetic volcano is volcano which erupts only once. Some thinks that it is mantle material from deep underground. In Japan, they are distributed on the Sea of Japan coast of the Chugoku region.

Ex.) Diamond Head, Oga Peninsula, Izu Peninsula

Caldera

　Caldera is cenote because of eruption or erosion after that. Small one is two meters across and big one is over twenty meters across. Because magma go up from underground to ground, the surface of the earth sinks and big hole appears.

Lava dome

　 Lava dome is made of sticky magma that does not flow and rises near its crater on volcano which has steep the side. 　It is often made of degassed magma after Plinian eruption.

　　The difference between Mountain and Volcano is how they ware made.
　　Mountain was made by dislocation or geologic fold.
　　Volcano was made by eruption.