relationship with social situation

Differences in employment patterns between overseas and Japan

In the first place, the reason why many overtime work occurs in Japan is the difference in employment form from overseas.

　日本の雇用形態

The form of employment in Japan is generally called "membership type" , and it is a system that hires human resources and then allocates work.
It is a system that hires human resources and then allocates work to each. With the membership type, employment is stable, and even if you lose your job, you can move to another position in the form of transfer .
It is said that "A self-made" , which has an environment for raising employees in the company and can be promoted depending on efforts, is a phenomenon unique to Japan.
Since Japan has a culture of working together as a team and gaining knowledge, it is difficult to clarify one's work, and it is easy for long overtime to occur because the boundary between work with others becomes ambiguous. is.

海外の雇用形態

Employment overseas is called "job type" , and it is a system that hires people who have the skills according to the actual work.
Since the recruitment is done after creating a job description that describes the work contents and authority in advance, it becomes clear what kind of work each person will do.
By doing so, long working hours are less likely to occur. In addition, since it is easy to secure the most suitable human resources in the event of a vacancy, workers can freely decide on working hours and taking leave.

COVID-19 sickness and job-based employment

Due to the spread of the current new coronavirus infectionTelework introduced by many companies has made it difficult to manage human resources as in the past, and it has become necessary to evaluate the work done by that person.
However, until I got tired of it, Corona was just one of the triggers, and it was around 2016 that the agenda of the Work Style Reform Federation Bill began to appear, originally by stepping into equal pay for equal work and wage disparities.
However, this opportunity had a great impact on the workers' experience and knowledge of the benefits. The disadvantage of telework is that it is difficult for the boss to understand the work performance of his subordinates working at home. However, it is possible to visualize the work of employees if it is a job type that specifically determines the work content to be done.
人材流動

Jobs are subdivided and individual results are easier to see, so retirement is sometimes recommended because of results.There is also a concern that the job type may make workers look like replaceable "parts" .
　 example 　　　　　　　

FUJITSU	Hitachi, Ltd
Office space halved in 3 years, Shift to job-based employment for all employees	Announced that 300,000 employees worldwide, including 160,000 in Japan, will be transferred to job-based employment.

Work style reform actually carried out by Fujitsu

(1) Jobs (responsibility) are the size / importance of responsibilities from the viewpoint of report line, difficulty level, influence, specialty, diversity , etc., in addition to quantitative viewpoints such as sales. From the perspective, we have rated managers into seven levels. The reward is paid according to this level.
(2) The amount of remuneration is fixed depending on the job, but bonuses and incentives are given according to the results. We are exploring an evaluation system that motivates employees by creating a sheet that describes what actions have been taken for the team.

③ Employees who are not able to play an active role in their duties will be removed from the post. In order for such a transfer mechanism to work, it is necessary to increase the mobility of human resources within the company. The ability to assign "the right person in the right place" is also required.

④ Utilize personnel-related data (including those using artificial intelligence such as AI). If the "growth equation" is found by analyzing the careers and training history of active employees, it can be used for future training and recruitment. Furthermore, it has the potential to be provided as a service to other companies by making full use of technology.

summarize

・ Employment in Japan is mainly for team work, so overtime is likely to occur.
・ As for overseas employment, overtime does not occur because the work is clarified.
・ Telework is increasing due to the corona disaster, and the number of companies adopting job-type employment is increasing.