GRADE2 ： WRONG ASSOCIATION
Wrong association
Those with titles, images, and headings that have little relevance to the content. Items that are classified as those with excessively exaggerated titles and headings, and those that use images that do not match the content.
There are few things that are intended to harm the other party, and it is a category that is
often made without malicious intent among the eight methods we have set. However, it
should be noted that unlike a complete error, it was intentionally made by the author.
Japan case
Even if you say "wrong association", there is almost no news with a title that has nothing to do with the content. However, many news stories use "exaggeratio" to make the title stand out and "omission" to express the content in a short title. Of course, if the reader does not misunderstand the content and exaggerates or omits it, there is no problem. However, if it is exaggerated it too much, it will be fake news.
< An example of an article that has become a misleading title due to the omission of the article headline. >
In 2020, as the turmoil caused by the new coronavirus occurs around the world, people are
living for more information than usual to protect themselves and their lives. However, a lot
of fake news is flying around the world, mixed with the ever-increasing news due to the
situation that moves one after another. And the fact that the changing situation and the
content of daily discussions must be made into news as soon as possible increases the
possibility that even the major media will create misleading news.
While the danger of the new coronavirus was taken into consideration and temporary
closure of schools nationwide was requested, Finance Minister Aso was asked about the
problem of costs incurred due to the response. Then, major newspaper companies posted
articles on the Internet and other media. The title is Finance Minister Aso answered question about school closure period , ”You asked me something boring.”According to it, the reader can accept that Finance Minister Aso answered "boring" to many people's life-related questions, that is, he does not think about the people.
However, the content of this article has detailed questions and answers. It says that the
questioner's reporter repeated the same question and Finance Minister Aso said it was a
"boring question." Certainly, "boring"may be regarded as a bit radical, but Mr. Aso did not
describe the problem of school closure as"boring."In short, this article could be taken as
"wrong association", mild fake news, with titles that are likely to be misunderstood by
readers.
Many voices like that are gathered, and criticism is gathered by the newspaper company
that wrote the article and the Constitutional Democratic Party that spread it. Especially
when spreading information, Don't read only the title and spread it. It is important not only
to understand only one piece of information, but to come up with the correct information by yourself based on multiple pieces of information.
Abroad case
"Images" bring great credibility to the news. If there is images, just having an image in that article will give the article a basis, and the viewer can easily imagine the situation. However, there is no way for the viewer to determine if the image was really taken in the context of the article or the background of the image.
< A case of misuse of a true picture of Mr. Clinton in the US presidential election >
In the 2016 presidential election in the United States, two people, Republican Donald
Trump and Democrat Hillary Clinton, ran for election. Naturally, their activities were mainly
real-life activities. However, SNS such as Twitter showed great excitement on the topic of
elections. And probably because they both used SNS a lot, a lot of information including
fake news was flying around on the Internet and mass media.
However, in 2016, a news site that supported Mr. Trump posted a news. The content is that
Ms. Clinton's health is deteriorating. And it was this image that was the basis for that. The article was, of course, fake news, and at least Clinton wasn't suffering from any illness that would affect the presidential election. However, even if it is not true, the information is trusted by many people just by attaching an "image". It is more credible if it is actually photographed, not processed or forged. We must be aware that there are many images that are diffused in the world that are captured against the idea of the subject.
Summary
Many readers and viewers will trust the news if the actual images or citations of the actual conversation are in the news, especially in the less credible news on the Internet. The recipient of the information can easily imagine the scene just by including the image, and if the conversation is quoted, the recipient often thinks that it was an actual event. However, even if a part of the image or conversation is included, the background cannot be completely understood by the recipient of the information. The photo may be just a cut-out of a part of everyday life. In the midst of such "founded" disinformation, we believe that what we can do is compare and identify multiple pieces of information. For fake news in general, the technology to verify the authenticity of information is very important. To that end, you should always keep in mind to doubt the information in front of you.